MD: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 1982.
Residency: Surgery, Eastern Virginia Graduate School of Medicine, Norfolk, VA.
Fellowship: Trauma / Critical Care, Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services Systems, Baltimore, MD; Trauma / Burn, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C.; Pediatric Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Transplantation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
Certification: Surgery, 1999; Pediatric Surgery, 2001; Surgical Critical Care, 2001.