MD: University of Cincinnati Medical School, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Residency: Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978-1981.
Fellowship: Neonatology, University Hospitals: Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 1983.
Certifications: Pediatrics, 1983; Neonatology, 1983.