Diabetes is a chronic condition that develops when the body no longer produces enough insulin or the insulin it makes does not work effectively. Insulin is a hormone made by an organ called the pancreas, which is located near the stomach.
One of the ways the body gets energy is from the food we eat. After food is digested, the body breaks it down into glucose. Insulin allows the glucose to be transported into the cell so it can be used for energy. If the insulin does not work properly, or there is not enough insulin, glucose will rise in the blood.
There are two main types of diabetes. Children and adolescents can develop either type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes | Type 2 Diabetes |
| The pancreas stops making insulin. | The pancreas produces insulin, but the cells cannot use the insulin properly. |
| Treatment must include daily insulin. | Treatment always includes diet, exercise and oftern medications (insulin and / or oral medications). |
| Makes up about 10 percent of all cases of diabetes. More common in children. | Makes up about 90 percent of all cases of diabetes. Most common in adults. |
| Most of the time there is no family history. | Most of the time there is a family history. |
Common symptoms of high blood glucose levels include:
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination
- Increased hunger
- Weight loss
- Feeling tired
- Blurred vision
Diabetes can be controlled. With proper management, your child can lead a healthy and active life.
