New viral and gene therapies for high-risk brain and other pediatric solid tumors
Brain tumors and other pediatric solid tumors including neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma that cannot be completely resected are often fatal, and desperately need new approaches to therapy. CCHMC researchers are developing genetically engineered viruses, called “oncolytic viruses,” that show potent effects in killing cancer cells. In leading edge discoveries published in Molecular Therapy, Cancer Research, and Cancer Gene Therapy, CCHMC investigators have shown that oncolytic herpes simplex viruses can specifically target malignant sarcomas, inhibiting tumor growth and angiogenesis. In parallel clinical trials, patients at CCHMC with highly malignant brain tumors called glioblastoma multiforme are being treated with gene therapy that allows normal healthy blood cells to become resistant to the chemotherapies needed to treat these tumors. In these studies, a patient’s normal healthy blood stem cells are genetically modified to carry genes conferring resistance for the brain tumor chemotherapy drug temozolomide, allowing the patients to safely receive higher doses of the drug. Patients receive the genetically modified blood cells as well as high-dose temozolomide therapy and radiation for treatment of the glioblastoma multiforme. In related studies, our investigators have discovered the molecular mechanisms involved in events leading to the development of gene therapy-related complications, including leukemia. This work provides background for the development of safer gene therapy technologies.
References
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