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Imaging Research Center

Vincent J. Schmithorst, PhD

Title

Research Assistant Professor, Imaging Research Center - Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium

Appointment

Research Assistant Professor

Email

vince.schmithorst@cchmc.org

Phone

513-636-3922

Fax

513-636-0434

Bio

Dr. Schmithorst is a physicist by training with BS, MS, and PhD degrees from the University of Cincinnati. Schmithorst's thesis was on utilizing an ionizing radiation detector in digital projection radiography to separate bone from soft-tissue components using information from the penetration depth of the x-ray beam.

Dr. Schmithorst came to the Imaging research Center in the Fall of 1997. He is currently engaged in research projects involving the:

  • Development of language function and math processing in children using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
  • Investigation of the correlation of musical training with math ability on school-age children using fMRI, white matter maturation in children's brains using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
  • Development of appropriate fMRI data acquisition and post-processing techniques in subjects with developmental or acquired communication disorders
  • Use of information-theoretic methods, such as Independent Component Analysis (ICA), for analysis for fMRI data

As part of his research efforts, Schmithorst has authored Cincinnati Children's Hospital Image Processing Software (CCHIPS), an extensive software suite for MRI image reconstruction and post-processing in the Interactive Data Language (IDL) programming environment. CCHIPS is available free of charge for research purposes only to all interested parties.

Credentials

PhD: University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 1997

Research

  • Cortical Reorganization in children with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, especially for higher-order processing tasks such as interpretation of speech-in-noise
  • The effect of formal musical training during the developmental period on other cognitive domains, including math processing
  • The neural correlates of math processing during the developmental period, as measured by functional MRI (fMRI)
  • The maturation of white matter pathways during the developmental period, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
  • The use of information-theoretic methods such as Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for the analysis of functional MRI (fMRI) data
  • The use of functional MRI (fMRI) on hearing-impaired pediatric populations, with a focus on its potential use as preoperative indicator for cochlear implantation

Publications, Most Recent

S. K. Holland, J. Vannest, M. Mecoli, L. Jacola, J.-M. Tillema, P. R. Karunanayaka, V. J. Schmithorst, W. Yuan, E. Plante and A. W. Byars. Functional MRI of Language Lateralization During Development in Children. Int J Aud 2007; In Press.

P. R. Karunanayaka, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, A. Solodkin, E. E. Chen, J. P. Szaflarski and E. Plante. Age-related connectivity changes in fMRI data from children listening to stories. Neuroimage 2007; 34:349-60.

A. Patel, L. Cahill, J. Ret, V. J. Schmithorst, D. I. Choo and S. K. Holland. fMRI of Hearing Impaired Children Under Sedation before Cochlear Implant. Arch Otolaryngology 2007; In Press.

V. J. Schmithorst. Functional Connectivity in the Brain and Human Intelligence (Commentary on Jung, R. and Haier, R., The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT) of Intelligence: Converging Neuroimaging Evidence). Behavior and Brain Sciences 2007; In Press.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. Sex differences in the development of neuroanatomical functional connectivity underlying intelligence found using Bayesian connectivity analysis. Neuroimage 2007; 35:406-419.

V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and B. Dardzinski. Developmental differences in white matter architecture between boys and girls. Hum Brain Mapp 2007; In Press.

V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and E. Plante. Object identification and lexical / semantic access in children: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of word-picture matching. Hum Brain Mapp 2007; In Press.

W. Yuan, B. V. Jones, K. M. Cecil, L. Michaud, N. Walz, P. Karunanayaka, S. Holland, V. Schmithorst and S. Wade. Diffusion Tensor MRI Reveals Persistent White Matter Alteration after Traumatic Brain Injury Experienced During Early Childhood. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; In Press.

F. Adhami, G. Liao, Y. M. Morozov, A. Schloemer, V. J. Schmithorst, J. N. Lorenz, R. S. Dunn, C. V. Vorhees, M. Wills-Karp, J. L. Degen, R. J. Davis, N. Mizushima, P. Rakic, B. J. Dardzinski, S. K. Holland, F. R. Sharp and C. Y. Kuan. Cerebral Ischemia-Hypoxia Induces Intravascular Coagulation and Autophagy. Am J Pathol 2006; 169:566-583.

C. M. Adler, J. Adams, M. P. Delbello, S. K. Holland, V. Schmithorst, A. Levine, K. Jarvis and S. M. Strakowski. Evidence of white matter pathology in bipolar disorder adolescents experiencing their first episode of mania: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163:322-4.

P. C.-Y. Chiu, V. J. Schmithorst, R. D. Brown, S. K. Holland and R. S. Dunn. Making Memories: An fMRI investigation of episodic memory encoding in school-age children. Developmental Neuropsychology 2006; 29:321-340.

L. M. Jacola, M. B. Schapiro, V. J. Schmithorst, A. W. Byars, R. H. Strawsburg, J. P. Szaflarski, E. Plante and S. K. Holland. Functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals atypical language organization in children following perinatal left middle cerebral artery stroke1. Neuropediatrics 2006; 37:46-52.

E. Plante, S. K. Holland and V. J. Schmithorst. Prosodic processing by children: an fMRI study. Brain Lang 2006; 97:332-42.

E. Plante, V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and A. W. Byars. Sex differences in the activation of language cortex during childhood. Neuropsychologia 2006; 44:1210-21.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. Functional MRI evidence for disparate developmental processes underlying intelligence in boys and girls. Neuroimage 2006; 31:1366-1379.

V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and E. Plante. Cognitive Modules Utilized for Narrative Comprehension in Children: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Neuroimage 2006; 29:254-266.

J. P. Szaflarski, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst and A. W. Byars. fMRI study of language lateralization in children and adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2006; 27:202-12.

J. P. Szaflarski, V. J. Schmithorst, M. Altaye, A. W. Byars, J. Ret, E. Plante and S. K. Holland. A longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study of language development in children 5 to 11 years old. Ann Neurol 2006; 59:796-807.

M. Wilke and V. J. Schmithorst. A combined bootstrap / histogram analysis approach for computing a lateralization index from neuroimaging data. Neuroimage 2006; 33:522-30.

W. Yuan, J. P. Szaflarski, V. J. Schmithorst, M. Schapiro, A. W. Byars, R. H. Strawsburg and S. K. Holland. FMRI shows atypical language lateralization in pediatric epilepsy patients. Epilepsia 2006; 47:593-600.

C. M. Adler, M. P. Delbello, N. P. Mills, V. Schmithorst, S. Holland and S. M. Strakowski. Comorbid ADHD is associated with altered patterns of neuronal activation in adolescents with bipolar disorder performing a simple attention task. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7:577-88.

C. Y. Chiu, M. Coen-Cummings, V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland, R. Keith, L. Nabors, M. Kramer and H. Rozier. Sound blending in the brain: a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation. Neuroreport 2005; 16:883-886.

V. J. Schmithorst. Separate Cortical Networks Involved in Music Perception: Preliminary Functional MRI Evidence for Modularity of Music Processing. Neuroimage 2005; 25:444-451.

V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland, J. Ret, A. Duggins, E. Arjmand and J. Greinwald. Cortical reorganization in children with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Neuroreport 2005; 16:463-467.

V. J. Schmithorst, M. Wilke, B. J. Dardzinski and S. K. Holland. Cognitive functions correlate with white matter architecture in a normal pediatric population: A diffusion tensor MRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2005; 26:139-147.

C. M. Adler, S. K. Holland, V. Schmithorst, M. Wilke, K. L. Weiss, H. Pan and S. M. Strakowski. Abnormal frontal white matter tracts in bipolar disorder: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Bipolar Disord 2004; 6:197-203.

C. M. Adler, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, M. J. Tuchfarber and S. M. Strakowski. Changes in neuronal activation in patients with bipolar disorder during performance of a working memory task. Bipolar Disord 2004; 6:540-549.

C.-Y. P. Chiu, V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and D. I. Choo. Event-related fMRI study of recognition of simulated CI speech. International Congress Series 2004; 1273:390-393.

S. K. Holland, D. I. Choo, J. K. Ret, L. Hilbert, R. S. Dunn and V. J. Schmithorst. fMRI of severe to profoundly hearing-impaired infants and toddlers under sedation. International Congress Series 2004; 1273:383-386.

M. B. Schapiro, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, M. Wilke, A. W. Byars, R. H. Strawsburg and J. L. Wakefield. BOLD fMRI signal increases with age in selected brain regions in children. Neuroreport 2004; 15:2575-2578.

V. J. Schmithorst and R. D. Brown. Empirical Validation of the Triple-Code Model of Numerical Processing for Complex Math Operations Using Functional MRI and Group Independent Component Analysis of the Mental Addition and Subtraction of Fractions. Neuroimage 2004; 22:1414-1420.

V. J. Schmithorst, R. J. Endorf, S. Kulatunga, D. C. Spelic, F. A. DiBianca, C. Rodriguez, H. D. Zeman, Z. Zhu and G. C. Giakos. Feasibility of Using a Kinestatic Charge Detector for Dual-Energy Chest Radiography. Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 2004; 12:1-11.

V. J. Schmithorst, R. J. Endorf, S. Kulatunga, D. C. Spelic, F. A. DiBianca, C. Rodriguez, H. D. Zeman, Z. Zhu and G. C. Giakos. Optimization of a Dual-Energy Imaging Kinestatic Charge Detector for Chest Radiography. Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 2004; 12:151-159.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. The effect of musical training on the neural correlates of math processing: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in humans. Neurosci Lett 2004; 354:193-196.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. Comparison of Three Methods for Generating Group Statistical Inferences from Independent Component Analysis of fMRI Data. J Magn Reson Imaging 2004; 19:365-368.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. Event-related fMRI technique for auditory processing with hemodynamics unrelated to acoustic gradient noise. Magn Reson Med 2004; 51:399-402.

J. P. Szaflarski, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, R. S. Dunn and M. D. Privitera. High-resolution functional MRI at 3T in healthy and epilepsy subjects: hippocampal activation with picture encoding task. Epilepsy Behav 2004; 5:244-52.

E. A. Thompson, S. K. Holland and V. J. Schmithorst. A STAP algorithm approach to fMRI: A simulation study.J Magn Reson Imaging 2004; 20:715-722.

Professional Organization Memberships

International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

Service

Software applications developed: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Image Processing Software (CCHIPS)

Presentations, Most Recent

P. Karunanayaka, S. Holland, M. Mecoli, J. C. Egelhoff, V. Schmithorst, M. Altaye, D. Brown and D. I. Choo. FMRI Shows Differences in Auditory Activation between Infants with Normal Hearing and Bilateral Sensorineural Deafness. In: 11th International Conference on Cochlear Implants in Children, Charlotte, NC, April 11-14, 2007.

M. Mecoli, S. Holland, P. Karunanayaka, J. C. Egelhoff, V. J. Schmithorst, M. Altaye, L. Cahill, D. Brown and D. I. Choo. Correlations of fMRI Activation in Auditory Cortex and Hearing Levels in Infants with Congenital Hearing Impairment Prior to Cochlear Implantation. In: 11th International Conference on Cochlear Implants in Children, Charlotte, NC, April 11-14, 2007.

L. M. Jacola, M. Schapiro, B. Patterson, F. Hickey, M. Chalfonte-Evans, V. J. Schmithorst, A. W. Byars, S. Hotze and S. K. Holland. FMRI reveals altered patterns of brain activation during language processing in persons with Down syndrome. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

V. Kaimal, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst and X. Qi. MR Detection of Tumor Cells Labeled with USPIO using DOPS Liposomes. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

P. Karunanayaka, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, A. Solodkin and E. Plante. Age Related Connectivity Changes in fMRI Data from Children Listening to Stories. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

P. R. Karunanayaka, S. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, A. Solodkin, M. Altaye and E. Plante. Functional connectivity among cognitive modules utilized for narrative story comprehension. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

P. R. Karunanayaka, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, A. Solodkin and E. Plante. Age related connectivity changes in fMRI data from children performing a narrative story comprehension task. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

A. Rajagopal, K. J. O'Brien, V. J. Schmithorst, M. Kalra and B. J. Dardzinski. Automatic Segmentation of Adipose Tissue Distribution in Childhood Obesity. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst, M. Altaye, A. W. Byars, J. Ret, E. Plante and S. K. Holland. Longitudinal fMRI study of narrative comprehension in children ages 5-11. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst, M. Altaye, L. Hilbert, A. Patel, D. Brown, E. Eads, L. Cahill and D. I. Choo. Auditory activation in sedated hearing impaired infants. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst, T. A. Altes, L. R. Young, J. J. Bissler, D. N. Franz, F. X. McCormack and A. Brody. A New Method for Quantitative Chest CT: Results in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). In: American Thoracic Society Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, May, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst, M. DiFrancesco, B. J. Dardzinski and S. K. Holland. Sex Differences in White Matter Diffusion Anisotropy in the Normal Pediatric Population. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.A Data-Driven Method for Analysis of Associated Time Courses Found from Group Independent Component Analysis. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. The development of functional and effective connectivity for narrative processing in children investigated via functional MRI and Multivariate Autoregressive Modeling. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland. Differences between Boys and Girls in the Correlation of Functional Brain Connectivity and Intelligence. In: ISMRM 14th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition, Seattle, WA, May 6-12, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and E. Plante. Object Identification and Lexical/Semantic Access in Children: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Word-Picture Matching. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

V. J. Schmithorst and M. Wilke. A bootstrap approach for calculating lateralization indices in functional imaging data. In: Organization for Human Brain Mapping 12th Annual Meeting, Florence, Italy, June, 2006.

J. P. Szaflarski, V. J. Schmithorst, M. Altaye, A. W. Byars, J. Ret, E. Plante and S. K. Holland. A longitudinal fMRI study of language development in children. In: 58th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, San Diego, CA, April, 2006.

C. M. Adler, J. Adams, M. P. DelBello, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst and S. M. Strakowski. Evidence of White Matter Pathology in First-Episode Manic Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

C. M. Adler, M. P. DelBello, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst and S. M. Strakowski.Functional MRI Investigation of ADHD Comorbidity in Adolescent Bipolar Patients. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

C.-Y. P. Chiu, M. C. Cummings, V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and R. Keith.Sound Blending in the Brain: A Developmental fMRI Investigation. In: Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Atlanta, GA, April, 2005.

C.-Y. P. Chiu and V. J. Schmithorst.Covert and Overt Sound-Blending in the Brain. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

J. C. Eliassen, J. P. Szaflarski, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, P. Shear, S. M. Strakowski and M. P. Privitera.Compensatory processing outside medial temporal lobe during verbal recognition memory in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). In: 57th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Miami, FL, April, 2005.

A. Patel, D. I. Choo, E. Arjmand, P. Karunanayaka, V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.fMRI and Outcome of Cochlear Implant in Infants. In: SENTAC, Baltimore, MD, December, 2005.

V. J. Schmithorst.Maximum a posteriori Independent Component Analysis (MAP-ICA): A Bayesian framework for incorporating prior information into ICA analyses of fMRI data. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.A longitudinal fMRI investigation of the development of sentential and lexical aspects of language processing in normal children. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.A method for generating voxelwise between-groups statistical inferences from fMRI data using Independent Component Analysis. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.Sex Differences in Associations of Brain Anatomical and Functional Connectivity with IQ in Children. In: International Society for Intelligence Research 6th Annual Conference, Albuquerque, NM, December 2, 2005.

V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and B. J. Dardzinski.Sex differences in white matter microstructure in the developing brain. In: ISMRM Workshop on Methods for Quantitative Diffusion MRI of Human Brain, Lake Louise, AB, Canada, March 13-16, 2005.

J. P. Szaflarski, S. K. Holland, S. F. Sands, V. J. Schmithorst, J. H. Lee, S. M. Strakowski, M. D. Privitera and J. C. Eliassen.Searching for the source of alpha rhythm: EEG-triggered fMRI at 4T. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

J. P. Szaflarski, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst, M. D. Privitera, D. F. Ficker, W. T. Cahill, J. L. Cavitt, J. M. Meckler and A. B. Morriss.Comprehensive fMRI language evaluation in epilepsy patients. In: Annual Meeting of the American Epilepsy Society and the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, Washington, DC, December, 2005.

J. P. Szaflarski, J. Osterhage, B. Southers, S. K. Holland, S. F. Sands, V. J. Schmithorst, M. P. Privitera, J. H. Lee and S. M. Strakowski.Localization of alpha rhythm generators using EEG-triggered fMRI (EEG-fMRI) at 4T. In: 57th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Miami, FL, April, 2005.

W. Yuan, S. K. Holland, J. P. Szaflarski, V. J. Schmithorst, A. W. Byars and R. H. Strawsburg.fMRI Shows Atypical Language Lateralization in Children with Epilepsy. In: ISMRM 13th Scientific Meeting, Miami, FL, May 9-13, 2005.

A. Brody, T. Altes and V. Schmithorst.Imaging Rare Lung Diseases. In: LAM Foundation Research Conference, Cincinnati, OH, March 26-28, 2004.

C.-Y. P. Chiu, R. D. Brown, V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.Neurodevelopment of Episodic Memory Encoding. In: 32nd Annual International Neuropsychological Society Meeting, Baltimore, MD, February, 2004.

C.-Y. P. Chiu, S. K. Holland, V. J. Schmithorst and D. I. Choo.Event-Related fMRI study of Recognition of Simulated CI Speech. In: VIII International Cochlear Implant Conference, Indianapolis, IN, May 10-13, 2004.

S. K. Holland, D. I. Choo, V. J. Schmithorst, J. K. Ret, L. Hilbert, R. S. Dunn and K. J. O'Brien.fMRI in Hearing Impaired Children Under Sedation. In: ISMRM 12th Scientific Meeting, Kyoto, Japan, May 15-21, 2004.

V. J. Schmithorst. Hypothesis-Driven Independent Component Analysis (hICA): Incorporating Prior Knowledge About the Hemodynamic Response into ICA Analysis of fMRI Data. In: ISMRM 12th Annual Scientific Meeting, Kyoto, Japan, May 15-21, 2004.

V. J. Schmithorst. Spatially Thresholded Independent Component Analysis (sthICA): Generating Voxelwise Statistical Inferences from ICA Analysis of fMRI Data. In: ISMRM 12th Annual Scientific Meeting, Kyoto, Japan, May 15-21, 2004.

V. J. Schmithorst, A. Brody and T. Altes.Analysis of CT Imaging in the Treatment of Rare Lung Disease. In: LAM Foundation Research Conference, Cincinnati, OH, March 26-28, 2004.

J. H. Sohn, K. M. Cecil, R. S. Dunn, V. J. Schmithorst and S. K. Holland.Functional loss of angular gyrus in adolescents with early exposure to lead performing a verb generation task: An fMRI study. In: Human Brain Mapping, Budapest, Hungary, June 13-17, 2004.

J. P. Szaflarski, V. J. Schmithorst, S. K. Holland and A. W. Byars.An fMRI Study of Cerebral Language Lateralization in 121 Children and Adults. In: 56th American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, April 24 - May 1, 2004.

E. A. Thompson, S. K. Holland and V. J. Schmithorst.Detecting Cortical Activations from fMRI Data Using a Recursive STAP Algorithm. In: IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, Arlington, VA, April 15-18, 2004.

Related Areas

This person works in these other areas at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center: