Health Library

Pneumonia, Community Acquired

How is CAP Diagnosed?

A medical provider can often diagnose CAP by examining the child and reviewing symptoms. Sometimes a chest X-ray or blood tests are needed to help confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Although your child may improve in one to three days, a cough may last for several more weeks. Every infection is different, so be sure to ask your child's provider what to expect and when to send your child back to day care or school.

What are the Signs and Symptoms of CAP in Children?

The symptoms of pneumonia vary, but any of the following may be caused by CAP:

• Persistent cough that may be worse at night
• Sore throat and headaches
• Fast, labored breathing
• Pain in the chest, with coughing or deep breathing

Pneumonia is more likely if a child has a fever along with these symptoms. Symptoms can develop gradually, often starting with a sore throat or headache before the cough and fever appear. It’s important to discuss your child’s symptoms with your medical provider. You and your provider will monitor for worsening symptoms or spreading infection.

How is CAP Treated?

• Most children can be treated at home, but some children may be hospitalized.
• If a virus is the cause of CAP, antibiotics may not be necessary. If bacteria is the cause of CAP, then an antibiotic may be given.
• If antibiotics are needed, your provider, nurse or pharmacist will explain the medicine. It is important to use all of the medicine prescribed, and not to use old medicine you may have at home.
• Medicine to reduce fever may be given for the child's comfort. Never give aspirin without talking to your provider first. Do not give ibuprofen to a child under 6 months of age.
• Cough medicine is not recommended and should be used only when prescribed by the child's provider.
• Other comfort measures may include rest and fluids. Your child may be more comfortable in a cool room.
• Good hand-washing will help prevent the spread of germs to others.
• Smoke is very irritating to the lungs, especially for someone with pneumonia. If you or another family member smokes, smoke outside and ask friends to do the same.

Call Your Child's Medical Provider If:

• You are worried and have questions
• Your child has not improved within 24 hours since symptoms started