MD: Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH, 1993.
Internship: The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 1994.
Residency: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 1997.
Fellowship: Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 1999; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998.
Certification: Anesthesiology, 1999; PALS, 2007; ACLS, 2008.